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Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation is a disorder found in about 2.2
million Americans. In it the heart's two small upper chambers (the
atria) quiver instead of beating effectively. Blood isn't pumped
completely out of them, so it may pool and clot. If a piece of a blood
clot in the atria leaves the heart and becomes lodged in an artery in
the brain, a stroke results. About 15 percent of strokes occur in people
with atrial fibrillation.
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Atrial Fibrillation: Cause
Atrial fibrillation (AF), also called a-fib, is
the most common cardiac arrhythmia. The hallmarks of AF are
irregular and rapid atrial activity, with an irregular
ventricular response that results in compromised cardiac
hemodynamics. AF is associated with serious morbidity and
increased mortality risk, even in cases when symptoms are
slight. AF is a risk for congestive heart failure (CHF), angina,
cardiac remodeling, and embolic stroke. This course describes
the pathophysiology and epidemiology of AF.
Atrial Fibrillation: Diagnosis
This course reviews how AF is diagnosed.
Atrial Fibrillation: Treatment
This course outlines the treatment options for
patients with AF. |
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Atrial Fibrillation
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Irregular, rapid beating of the atrial chambers
characterizes Atrial Fibrillation. This happens when the normal
system that conducts electricity in the atria malfunctions. A
storm of electrical activity across both atria causes them to
fibrillate 300 to 600 times per minute. |
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If you've had other heart problems, this could lead to
diseased heart tissue which generates the extra A-Fib pulses.
Hypertension (high blood pressure) and Mitral Valve disease seem to be
related to A-Fib, possibly because they stretch and put pressure on the
pulmonary veins where most A-Fib originates.
The following tests or Procedures are commonly performed
to diagnose and treat patients with atrial fibrillation.
Aspirin or anticoagulant in nonvalvular AF
Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation increases the risk of
stroke by about four times. The issue is not so much whether to do
anything, but rather what to do. Should treatment be with oral
anticoagulants like warfarin, or with aspirin? Use of warfarin implies
intermittent measurement of INR, and perhaps an increased risk of
bleeding.
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